https://digasst.lib.hku.hk/files/original/37/DSC_2777.JPG 5b4f5c45f1a0d9cc7ff996e59da05d54 https://digasst.lib.hku.hk/files/original/37/janice.json a0ef6b459baaebf7a75201715ea9107d 3D Model A 3D rendering of a physical object. Place of Origin The geographic location where an object was made Ji’an County, Ji'an City, West-central Jiangxi province China Artist/Maker The name of the artist, maker, or workshop that made the object Jizhou kilns Culture/Period A broad historical period, archaeological culture, or artistic movement in which an object was made Southern Song dynasty Date From Enter the lower end of the date range, only enter a number without any label and use negative for BCE. For example: enter '220' for 220 CE or '-220' for 220 BCE 1127 Date To Enter the upper end of the date range, only enter a number without any label and use negative for BCE. For example: enter '220' for 220 CE or '-220' for 220 BCE 1279 Materials What an object is made of, including any later additions (mounts, frames, etc.) Earthenware Height (cm) 4.8 cm Diameter (cm) 11.5 cm Accession Number A unique identifier for an object HKU.C.1954.0087 Description A short physical description of the object with an overview of its historical and social significance The Jizhou kilns which were established in the 10th century and active until the late Yuan dynasty (1279 –1368) in Ji’an county were prominent for visionary designs and novel techniques. During production, paper–cut plum blossom and phoenix patterns were placed by potters on an original layer of black glaze of the bowls and painted the whole bowl with brown glaze inside. After the destruction of paper cuts during firing, the designs in black were left on the inside of the bowls. Phoenix, ‘Fenghuang’ in Chinese, is a mythological bird which symbolized the harmony of Yin and Yang and the beginning of a new era. According to the Classic of Mountains and Seas, manifold body parts of Fenghuang represent different unique meanings. The head represents virtue (德), back for propriety (禮), chest represents mercy (仁), and abdomen means credibility(信) and the wings mean duty (義). Fenghuang appeared before the death of the Yellow Emperor, who was a heavily praised and worshipped governor of China at around 27 century BCE due to his extraordinary achievements in civilization, social and political progress. Plum blossoms are one of the ‘Three Friends of Winter’ with pine and bamboo as they resemble perseverance and resilience in Confucianism due to withstanding of extreme coldness. Plum blossoms especially symbolize integrity and purity because they blossom most vividly in the frosting season. Therefore, they are the ones which represent winter among the ‘Flowers of the Four Seasons’. Furthermore, they are one of the ‘Four Gentlemen’ among flowers in Chinese literature. It is believed that the potters intentionally add plum blossoms patterns to set off the virtue of Fenghuang. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bowl bowl china Ji'an phoenix plum blossom pottery